Why GCs level bids
Two bids for the same trade rarely cover the same work. One includes freight and one does not. One covers two spec sections and one covers three. The lowest number may be low only because it is missing scope.
How leveling works
- The GC lists the scope items for the trade down the side of a sheet.
- Each bidder gets a column.
- The GC marks each item as included, excluded or not stated for each bidder.
- The GC adds a plug number for each item a bidder left out.
- The GC compares the adjusted totals.
What the GC looks for
- The spec sections each bid names.
- The addenda each bid lists.
- Furnish only against furnish and install.
- Sales tax, freight and bonds.
- Alternates and unit prices.
- Exclusions that create a scope gap.
- A number far below the others, which suggests a missed item.
What this means for your bid
A vague bid gets leveled against you. When your letter does not state an item, the GC must guess. Most GCs guess on the safe side and add money to your number. A clear scope letter can beat a lower price.
Leveling after bid day
Leveling does not stop when the GC wins the job. Before the GC writes subcontracts, the team calls the low bidders to confirm scope. This is the scope review or the buyout. Have your takeoff ready for that call. Answer scope questions in writing.
Lay out your letter the way the spec is laid out. Use section numbers and the spec's own item names. The GC can then fill in your column in a few minutes.
Bidding and estimating · Updated 11 Nov 2026